1.1.3 |
2. How does cellular differentiation occur in eukaryotic cells? A eukaryotic cell is differentiated and is how a cell becomes a specialized cell. This occurs through a process known as gene expression, which is a when specific combination of genes that can turn on or off and "dictates" and regulated cells.
3. What role do stem cells play in cell differentiation? A stem cell us a undifferentiated cell that becomes a differentiated cell, which are specialized cells that carry out a function in the body.
4. How do chemical signals control cellular activities? Chemical signals are signals or messages given by one cell to another through chemical reactions. These signals are shared between cells to carry out a function, such as if you wanted to raise your hand to point at something, your brain send messages to your muscles to help move your arm and hand.
1.2.1
1.What is the role of the plasma membrane in maintaining homeostasis? All cells have membranes, which controls what enters and leaves the cell to maintain an internal balance called homeostasis.
2. How does the cell maintain homeostasis through the regulation of: temperature, pH, blood, glucose levels, and water balance?
Homeostasis is a term that is used to describe how organisms survive in an ecosystem and the survival of the cells in the organism. A organism and population can survive if there is a steady level of both births and deaths, making it equilibrium. All the cells in the body of an organism work together to maintain homeostasis, by making sure the temperature, pH, and oxygen levels are set correctly so the cells can live.
For some organism a set temperature must be maintained, therefore, homoeothermic organism are organisms that regulate their own body temperature. To adapt to colder climates the body takes a series of actions to help warm the body. Like when human becomes cold the “sensors throughout their nervous system” can recognize the low temperature and will trigger your muscles to start generate heat. Your blood also helps with maintaining body temperature. When you are cool your nerves and endocrine system keep your blood at the core of the body and not the “extremities” to help keep the body warm. Blood also maintains the body's pH level by regulating the amount of CO2 in the blood. If the body is under or over a certain range of pH the body it could be life threatening.
Water balance is also important in maintaining homeostasis because without water a organism can’t maintain its body and will die. For humans we can live awhile without food, but because our body is made up of a large percentage of water (cells are made up of mostly water), without water for a certain period of time we would die. Water is also important to our body since it too can help control temperature in the body, when our body overheats it releases sweat to help cool off the body.
Glucose is an important fuel for cells in our body, but because it is too big to be diffused into the cells, Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas makes it easier of glucose to transport into cells. Glucose transport into cells from the bloodline while the insulin lowers blood glucose levels. It is important to maintain a set level of glucose level, or sugar level in the blood stream. Its what gives cells the nutrients it need to make ATP. If you don’t eat for a long time that sugar level can fall really low. If your sugar level is too high or too low it can be dangerous for your body. Without your blood-glucose level your body could not gain any energy and your cells won’t have any food.
3. How do solutions of different concentrations affect changes in osmotic pressure?
The best way to describe osmotic pressure change is through a the image below of the U-shaped tube. Water starts out equal on both sides, separated by a water-permeable membrane. When something is added to the solution, such as sugar being added to one side of the U-shaped tube, it creates a effect. Because the sugar molecules are too big to go through the membrane and the side with the sugar molecules will rise and the other will drop. This is due to the movement of pure water from the side with no sugar to the side with sugar. The pressure will stop once the water and sugar water become equal on both sides.
3. What role do stem cells play in cell differentiation? A stem cell us a undifferentiated cell that becomes a differentiated cell, which are specialized cells that carry out a function in the body.
4. How do chemical signals control cellular activities? Chemical signals are signals or messages given by one cell to another through chemical reactions. These signals are shared between cells to carry out a function, such as if you wanted to raise your hand to point at something, your brain send messages to your muscles to help move your arm and hand.
1.2.1
1.What is the role of the plasma membrane in maintaining homeostasis? All cells have membranes, which controls what enters and leaves the cell to maintain an internal balance called homeostasis.
2. How does the cell maintain homeostasis through the regulation of: temperature, pH, blood, glucose levels, and water balance?
Homeostasis is a term that is used to describe how organisms survive in an ecosystem and the survival of the cells in the organism. A organism and population can survive if there is a steady level of both births and deaths, making it equilibrium. All the cells in the body of an organism work together to maintain homeostasis, by making sure the temperature, pH, and oxygen levels are set correctly so the cells can live.
For some organism a set temperature must be maintained, therefore, homoeothermic organism are organisms that regulate their own body temperature. To adapt to colder climates the body takes a series of actions to help warm the body. Like when human becomes cold the “sensors throughout their nervous system” can recognize the low temperature and will trigger your muscles to start generate heat. Your blood also helps with maintaining body temperature. When you are cool your nerves and endocrine system keep your blood at the core of the body and not the “extremities” to help keep the body warm. Blood also maintains the body's pH level by regulating the amount of CO2 in the blood. If the body is under or over a certain range of pH the body it could be life threatening.
Water balance is also important in maintaining homeostasis because without water a organism can’t maintain its body and will die. For humans we can live awhile without food, but because our body is made up of a large percentage of water (cells are made up of mostly water), without water for a certain period of time we would die. Water is also important to our body since it too can help control temperature in the body, when our body overheats it releases sweat to help cool off the body.
Glucose is an important fuel for cells in our body, but because it is too big to be diffused into the cells, Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas makes it easier of glucose to transport into cells. Glucose transport into cells from the bloodline while the insulin lowers blood glucose levels. It is important to maintain a set level of glucose level, or sugar level in the blood stream. Its what gives cells the nutrients it need to make ATP. If you don’t eat for a long time that sugar level can fall really low. If your sugar level is too high or too low it can be dangerous for your body. Without your blood-glucose level your body could not gain any energy and your cells won’t have any food.
3. How do solutions of different concentrations affect changes in osmotic pressure?
The best way to describe osmotic pressure change is through a the image below of the U-shaped tube. Water starts out equal on both sides, separated by a water-permeable membrane. When something is added to the solution, such as sugar being added to one side of the U-shaped tube, it creates a effect. Because the sugar molecules are too big to go through the membrane and the side with the sugar molecules will rise and the other will drop. This is due to the movement of pure water from the side with no sugar to the side with sugar. The pressure will stop once the water and sugar water become equal on both sides.